Atmospheric-pressure low oxygen controlled atmosphere insecticidal warehouse/ cabinet

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China Silk Museum——Low oxygen controlled atmosphere insecticidal system & Low temperature storage warehouse & Cultural relics dehydration and bacteria inhibition system

Low oxygen controlled atmosphere insecticidal system

As a natural protein fiber, silk material is easy to deteriorate when affected by oxidation and hydrolysis, because it is very sensitive to acid, alkali, salt, oxidant, reducing agent, light and heat. Silk fabrics are composed of organic matter such as silk proteins and lipids, which are nutrients for bacteria and molds. Molds have a strong decomposition ability for natural plant fibers, making the fibers of large molecules decompose into small molecules of glucose. Normally, fungi have strong ability to decompose proteins and can decompose natural proteins. Microorganisms will grow on silk cultural relics, altering the texture of cultural relics and decreasing its intensity. The insect and moth is another important factor, as silk moth produces holes, reducing the strength of silk.

Light provides energy for molecules of organic relic, producing a series of chemical reactions. With the increase of light time, the molecular movement accelerates, and the chemical reaction also strengthens, thus changing the structure of organic relics molecules. The photochemistry produced by light mainly leads to the fading, yellowing and fragility of organic cultural relics. Generally, the protection of silk should preserved away from light and heat, so as not to avoid the aging and deterioration of silk.

Indoor temperature of the museum is the main indicator of the environment. Silk fabrics are the nutrients of pests, molds and other organisms. Therefore, it is important to control the growth and reproduction of pests and molds. The suitable temperature for the growth and reproduction of insect pests and molds is between 20℃ and 30℃, and the peak breeding period is at 25℃ or above 30℃. It is generally believed that the temperature standard of the storage environment of silk relics is 15~20℃, and the temperature change is between 3 and 5℃per day. The following is the ambient environment required for mold growth.

 

Ambient temperature of mold growth

Mold Species

minimum temperature(℃)

optimum temperature(℃)

maximum temperature(℃)

Aspergillus niger

14

30~35

40

Aspergillus glaucus

1

25~27

31~36

mold

——

17~19

30

Branch sporanox

4

20~25

31

polyspora

0

27~32

40

Phomopsis

8.7

26.5

31.9

Therefore, silk fabrics and cultural relics should be stored in the warehouse with anti-moisture, anti-drying, anti-light, anti-theft and fire protection functions, and the doors and windows of the warehouse should be well sealed. The warehouse should also set up with airtight cultural relics cabinets, boxes and other storage facilities, which is conducive to the long-term preservation of the silk cultural relics. At the same time, the time of warehouse cleaning should be shortened as far as possible, ensuring the temperature and humidity of the warehouse are maintained within the range of 15~25℃ and 50%~65% respectively.

 

Customer demand

Due to the wet and humid climate of South China, the collections in the museum, such as precious silk fabrics, animal fur, and corpse, are faced with insect and mould problems. It is necessary to preserve and protect these collections in an appropriate method without chemical residue and poison, and harmless to the collections.

 

Solution

The original warehouse will be divided into an insecticidal chamber and equipment room, adopting low oxygen controlled atmosphere technology and creating a low oxygen, constant humidity environment through intelligent devices. As the living environment is no longer suitable for insect and mould growth, insects will die because of suffocation and mould reproduction will be controlled.

 

Equipment and devices

Airtight insecticidal chamber, air compressor, nitrogen generator and controller, humidifier, air blower.

 

Main indicators

Volume: 50m3

Oxygen concentration: 0.1%~21%

Air exchange rate: ≤0.02d-1

Oxygen concentration: 0.1%~5.0%

Humidity: 30%~65%RH (20℃)

 

Low-temperature storage warehouse

Customer demand

Extend the preservation span of such organic cultural relics as silk fabrics, slow down the oxidation and deterioration of organic cultural relics, and inhibit the of insects and mould.

 

Solution

Setting up a low-temperature warehouse, equipped with high-precision temperature control technology and intelligent monitoring technology, so as to create a low temperature and humid environment for cultural relics, and reduce the rate of a chemical reaction between cultural relics and micro-environment, avoid mechanical damage caused by temperature and humidity fluctuations on cultural relics.

 

Equipment and devices

Heat preservation warehouse, refrigeration equipment, cooling unit, humidify and control cabinet

 

Main indicators

Volume: 190m3

Oxygen concentration: 1~10℃

Humidity: 40%~65%RH (20℃)

 

Cultural relics dehydration and bacteria inhibition system

Customer demand

Northern Wei Dynasty leather clothe excavated in Yihenaoer cemetery, Inner Mongolia is seriously affected by the preservation environment and is expected that the clothe can be repaired and stretched without any damage.

 

Solution

In order to meet the demand of leather clothing moisture repair, the technology of low oxygen controlled atmosphere technology and automatic humidity control technology are adopted to set the oxygen content under 5%. The humidity is 80%RH~90%RH, and humidity fluctuation is within 3%. Through slow, steady and precise humidity control, internal water content of cultural relics and environmental humidity tend to be balanced and is suitable for the repair work. At present, the leather clothing is displayed at the International Council of Museums (ICOM), themed as Pursuing Eternity——Conservation of Museum Collections in China' exhibition.

 

China Silk Museum——Low oxygen controlled atmosphere insecticidal system & Low temperature storage warehouse & Cultural relics dehydration and bacteria inhibition system

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